New Zealand Electricity Ripple Control Analysis
Ben Anderson (b.anderson@soton.ac.uk, @dataknut)
Last run at: 2019-06-07 11:38:49
1 About
1.1 Report circulation:
- Public
1.2 License
1.3 Citation
If you wish to use any of the material from this report please cite as:
- Anderson, B. (2019) New Zealand Electricity Ripple Control Analysis. Centre for Sustainability, University of Otago: Dunedin, New Zealand.
This work is (c) 2019 the University of Southampton.
1.4 History
1.5 Support
This work was supported by:
- The University of Otago;
- The University of Southampton;
- The New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) through the Renewable Energy and the Smart Grid (GREEN Grid) project;
- SPATIALEC - a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Global Fellowship based at the University of Otago’s Centre for Sustainability (2017-2019) & the University of Southampton’s Sustainable Energy Research Group (2019-2020).
We do not ‘support’ the code but if you notice a problem please check the issues on our repo and if it doesn’t already exist, please open a new one.
2 Introduction
Report purpose:
- provides summary analysis of hot water ripple control availability in New Zealand. Availability does not necessarily mean it is actually in use…
3 Load data
The data used to generate this report is:
4 Load control
Table 4.1 shows ariables available under load control.
| Var1 | Freq |
|---|---|
| Estimated number of distributed batteries that the EDB does not have the ability to use for load control | 145 |
| Estimated number of ICPs with ripple control | 145 |
| Load control capacity from demand response contracts | 145 |
| Load control capacity from distributed batteries | 145 |
| Load control capacity from other load control | 145 |
| Load control capacity from ripple control | 145 |
| Number of demand response contracts | 145 |
| Number of distributed batteries that the EDB can use for load control | 145 |
| Number of ICPs with other load control | 145 |
| Supply capacity from demand response contracts | 145 |
| Supply capacity of distributed batteries | 145 |
| Supply capacity of other load control | 145 |
4.1 Prevalence of ripple control
To calculate this we use Estimated number of ICPs with ripple control (from https://comcom.govt.nz/__data/assets/excel_doc/0014/100670/Electricity-distribution-businesses-emerging-technology-data-10-October-2018.xlsx) and the total number of ICPs for each EDB recorded in the performance data (https://comcom.govt.nz/__data/assets/excel_doc/0016/105253/Performance-summaries-for-electricity-distributors-Year-to-31-March-2018.XLSX).
## Warning in eval(jsub, SDenv, parent.frame()): NAs introduced by coercionNote that not all EDBs reported ripple control data in all years. This means that the overall % of ICPs with ripple control is uncertain as we cannot assume necessarily assume that EDBs who did not provide ripple control data do not actually have ripple control on some ICPs.
Table 4.2 is calculated using only those EDBs who reported ripple control data and Figure 4.1 shows the skewed distribution. As we can see the national mean value is not a good representation.
## Warning: Removed 78 rows containing non-finite values (stat_density).
Figure 4.1: Density plot of % ICPs with ripple control by year
| Year | Min % across EDBs reporting | Mean % across EDBs reporting | Median % across EDBs reporting | Max % across EDBs reporting | Total_ICPs | Total_rcICPs | % across all ICPs for reporting EDBs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 12.16 | 68.34 | 73.38 | 85.64 | 1947800 | 1266008 | 65.00 |
| 2015 | 12.09 | 65.55 | 71.46 | 85.34 | 2029155 | 1127310 | 55.56 |
| 2016 | 12.03 | 65.21 | 71.42 | 84.94 | 2047355 | 1122639 | 54.83 |
| 2017 | 12.05 | 65.16 | 71.41 | 84.65 | 2068911 | 1130894 | 54.66 |
| 2018 | 12.01 | 64.70 | 70.59 | 84.23 | 2090530 | 1122218 | 53.68 |
Table 4.3 on the other hand shows the results where we treat the EDBs who did not report ripple control ICPs as having 0. As we can see this produces lower estimates for the national level figure per year.
| Year | Min % across EDBs reporting | Mean % across EDBs reporting | Median % across EDBs reporting | Max % across EDBs reporting | Total_ICPs | Total_rcICPs | % across all ICPs (treats non-reports as 0) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | Inf | NaN | NA | -Inf | 2431891 | NA | NA |
| 2013 | Inf | NaN | NA | -Inf | 2379550 | NA | NA |
| 2014 | 12.16 | 68.34 | 73.38 | 85.64 | 2394783 | 1277381 | 53.34 |
| 2015 | 12.09 | 65.55 | 71.46 | 85.34 | 2419269 | 1138891 | 47.08 |
| 2016 | 12.03 | 65.21 | 71.42 | 84.94 | 2435824 | 1134443 | 46.57 |
| 2017 | 12.05 | 65.16 | 71.41 | 84.65 | 2462253 | 1142832 | 46.41 |
| 2018 | 12.01 | 64.70 | 70.59 | 84.23 | 2489004 | 1134301 | 45.57 |
Figure 4.2 shows the distribution over time for each EDB that reported ripple control. This distribution reflects that shown in Figure 4.1.
| orgName | Mean % | Min % | Max % | Max total n ICPs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vector | 46.35 | 38.51 | 71.91 | 557,490.00 |
| ID only | NaN | Inf | -Inf | 379,257.06 |
| Powerco | 57.30 | 52.95 | 63.62 | 337,134.50 |
| Orion | 82.53 | 82.14 | 82.95 | 199,838.00 |
| Wellington Electricity | 12.07 | 12.01 | 12.16 | 166,909.58 |
| Electra | 69.77 | 65.64 | 75.81 | 115,315.17 |
| Unison | 71.93 | 69.93 | 74.43 | 112,781.00 |
| WEL Networks | 26.14 | 25.33 | 27.20 | 90,601.00 |
| Aurora Energy | 77.40 | 75.82 | 78.76 | 88,588.10 |
| Northpower | 60.22 | 59.48 | 61.10 | 58,430.00 |
| Mainpower | 77.15 | 68.78 | 80.95 | 42,698.00 |
| Counties Power | 77.46 | 76.97 | 77.84 | 41,704.00 |
| Network Tasman | 84.96 | 84.23 | 85.64 | 39,578.00 |
| The Power Company | 60.99 | 58.90 | 62.92 | 35,698.00 |
| Alpine Energy | 69.22 | 68.49 | 69.70 | 32,975.00 |
| Top Energy | 73.45 | 72.56 | 73.97 | 31,641.00 |
| Waipa Networks | 72.43 | 71.24 | 73.38 | 26,077.00 |
| Eastland Network | 58.33 | 56.56 | 59.83 | 25,556.00 |
| Marlborough Lines | 76.44 | 74.71 | 77.98 | 25,374.08 |
| Horizon Energy | 77.47 | 74.72 | 81.33 | 25,000.00 |
| The Lines Company | 72.04 | 71.13 | 73.49 | 23,768.00 |
| EA Networks | NaN | Inf | -Inf | 19,216.58 |
| Electricity Invercargill | 72.04 | 69.74 | 73.94 | 17,404.00 |
| OtagoNet | 39.90 | 39.23 | 40.38 | 16,000.00 |
| Westpower | 69.53 | 68.76 | 70.49 | 13,526.00 |
| Network Waitaki | 75.03 | 72.93 | 77.99 | 12,814.00 |
| Nelson Electricity | 79.99 | 79.27 | 80.81 | 9,214.00 |
| Centralines | 51.42 | 50.79 | 51.99 | 8,561.00 |
| Scanpower | 71.23 | 71.12 | 71.43 | 6,805.00 |
| Buller Electricity | 72.99 | 71.65 | 74.86 | 4,624.00 |
| Electricity Ashburton | NaN | Inf | -Inf | -Inf |
Figure 4.2: % ripple control trend plot by EDB
4.2 Ripple control load control capacity
-> Load control capacity from ripple control
## Warning in eval(jsub, SDenv, parent.frame()): NAs introduced by coercion| Year | Mean MW | Min MW | Max MW |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 30.61 | 1 | 206.51 |
| 2015 | 29.75 | 1 | 190.72 |
| 2016 | 29.61 | 1 | 184.42 |
| 2017 | 29.88 | 1 | 186.63 |
| 2018 | 29.64 | 1 | 178.52 |
Table 4.6 shows which EDBs did not submit MW capacity data.
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electricity Invercargill | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| OtagoNet | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| The Power Company | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vector | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
## Warning in gmin(mw, na.rm = TRUE): No non-missing values found in at least
## one group. Returning 'Inf' for such groups to be consistent with base## Warning in gmax(mw, na.rm = TRUE): No non-missing values found in at least
## one group. Returning '-Inf' for such groups to be consistent with base| orgName | Mean | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|
| Powerco | 189.36 | 178.52 | 206.51 |
| Orion | 150.00 | 150.00 | 150.00 |
| Alpine Energy | 56.59 | 55.46 | 57.73 |
| Wellington Electricity | 50.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
| WEL Networks | 45.90 | 45.00 | 47.00 |
| The Power Company | 43.23 | 42.05 | 44.16 |
| Aurora Energy | 38.19 | 37.89 | 38.49 |
| Electricity Invercargill | 25.02 | 24.27 | 25.61 |
| Counties Power | 24.69 | 23.72 | 25.68 |
| Electra | 23.93 | 23.21 | 24.48 |
| Eastland Network | 18.02 | 18.02 | 18.02 |
| Waipa Networks | 17.46 | 16.90 | 18.00 |
| The Lines Company | 17.20 | 15.26 | 19.54 |
| Electricity Ashburton | 15.71 | 15.20 | 16.14 |
| Mainpower | 14.88 | 14.36 | 15.32 |
| Network Tasman | 14.74 | 14.50 | 15.00 |
| Northpower | 14.70 | 14.10 | 15.30 |
| Unison | 14.00 | 14.00 | 14.00 |
| OtagoNet | 12.34 | 11.77 | 12.92 |
| Top Energy | 12.00 | 12.00 | 12.00 |
| Marlborough Lines | 9.27 | 9.23 | 9.32 |
| Network Waitaki | 7.10 | 7.10 | 7.10 |
| Horizon Energy | 5.77 | 5.54 | 6.10 |
| Westpower | 4.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| Buller Electricity | 3.80 | 3.80 | 3.80 |
| Nelson Electricity | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Scanpower | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Centralines | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Vector | NaN | Inf | -Inf |
4.3 Demand response contracts
Load control capacity from demand response contracts
## Warning in eval(jsub, SDenv, parent.frame()): NAs introduced by coercion| Year | Mean MW | Min MW | Max MW |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.19 | 0 | 5.45 |
| 2015 | 0.19 | 0 | 5.45 |
| 2016 | 0.19 | 0 | 5.45 |
| 2017 | 0.19 | 0 | 5.45 |
| 2018 | 0.19 | 0 | 5.45 |
## Warning in gmin(mw, na.rm = TRUE): No non-missing values found in at least
## one group. Returning 'Inf' for such groups to be consistent with base## Warning in gmax(mw, na.rm = TRUE): No non-missing values found in at least
## one group. Returning '-Inf' for such groups to be consistent with base| orgName | Mean | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electra | 5.45 | 5.45 | 5.45 |
| Alpine Energy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Aurora Energy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Buller Electricity | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Centralines | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Counties Power | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Eastland Network | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Electricity Ashburton | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Electricity Invercargill | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Horizon Energy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Mainpower | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Nelson Electricity | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Network Tasman | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Network Waitaki | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Northpower | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Orion | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| OtagoNet | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Powerco | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Scanpower | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| The Lines Company | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| The Power Company | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Top Energy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Unison | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Vector | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| WEL Networks | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Waipa Networks | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Wellington Electricity | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Westpower | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Marlborough Lines | NaN | Inf | -Inf |
4.4 Distirbuted batteries
Load control capacity from distributed batteries
## Warning in eval(jsub, SDenv, parent.frame()): NAs introduced by coercion| Year | Mean MW | Min MW | Max MW |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.88 |
| 2015 | 0.05 | 0 | 1.37 |
| 2016 | 0.05 | 0 | 1.38 |
| 2017 | 0.08 | 0 | 2.15 |
| 2018 | 0.10 | 0 | 2.71 |
## Warning in gmin(mw, na.rm = TRUE): No non-missing values found in at least
## one group. Returning 'Inf' for such groups to be consistent with base## Warning in gmax(mw, na.rm = TRUE): No non-missing values found in at least
## one group. Returning '-Inf' for such groups to be consistent with base| orgName | Mean | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vector | 1.70 | 0.88 | 2.71 |
| Unison | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Wellington Electricity | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.04 |
| Alpine Energy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Aurora Energy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Buller Electricity | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Centralines | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Counties Power | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Eastland Network | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Electra | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Electricity Ashburton | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Electricity Invercargill | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Horizon Energy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Mainpower | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Nelson Electricity | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Network Tasman | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Network Waitaki | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Northpower | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Orion | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| OtagoNet | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Powerco | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Scanpower | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| The Lines Company | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| The Power Company | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Top Energy | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| WEL Networks | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Waipa Networks | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Westpower | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Marlborough Lines | NaN | Inf | -Inf |
5 Runtime
Analysis completed in 4.92 seconds ( 0.08 minutes) using knitr in RStudio with R version 3.5.2 (2018-12-20) running on x86_64-apple-darwin15.6.0.
6 R environment
6.1 R packages used
- base R (R Core Team 2016)
- bookdown (Xie 2016a)
- data.table (Dowle et al. 2015)
- ggplot2 (Wickham 2009)
- readxl (Wickham and Bryan 2017)
- kableExtra (Zhu 2018)
- knitr (Xie 2016b)
- rmarkdown (Allaire et al. 2018)
6.2 Session info
## R version 3.5.2 (2018-12-20)
## Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin15.6.0 (64-bit)
## Running under: macOS High Sierra 10.13.6
##
## Matrix products: default
## BLAS: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.5/Resources/lib/libRblas.0.dylib
## LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.5/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib
##
## locale:
## [1] en_NZ.UTF-8/en_NZ.UTF-8/en_NZ.UTF-8/C/en_NZ.UTF-8/en_NZ.UTF-8
##
## attached base packages:
## [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
##
## other attached packages:
## [1] readxl_1.3.1 readr_1.3.1 plotly_4.9.0 lubridate_1.7.4
## [5] kableExtra_1.1.0 ggplot2_3.1.1 data.table_1.12.2 GREENGrid_0.1.0
##
## loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
## [1] tidyselect_0.2.5 xfun_0.7 purrr_0.3.2
## [4] reshape2_1.4.3 colorspace_1.4-1 htmltools_0.3.6
## [7] viridisLite_0.3.0 yaml_2.2.0 rlang_0.3.4
## [10] later_0.8.0 pillar_1.4.1 glue_1.3.1
## [13] withr_2.1.2 plyr_1.8.4 stringr_1.4.0
## [16] munsell_0.5.0 gtable_0.3.0 cellranger_1.1.0
## [19] rvest_0.3.3 htmlwidgets_1.3 evaluate_0.13
## [22] labeling_0.3 knitr_1.23 httpuv_1.5.1
## [25] crosstalk_1.0.0 highr_0.8 Rcpp_1.0.1
## [28] xtable_1.8-4 promises_1.0.1 scales_1.0.0
## [31] webshot_0.5.1 jsonlite_1.6 mime_0.6
## [34] hms_0.4.2 digest_0.6.19 stringi_1.4.3
## [37] bookdown_0.10 dplyr_0.8.1 shiny_1.3.2
## [40] grid_3.5.2 tools_3.5.2 magrittr_1.5
## [43] lazyeval_0.2.2 tibble_2.1.2 crayon_1.3.4
## [46] tidyr_0.8.3 pkgconfig_2.0.2 xml2_1.2.0
## [49] assertthat_0.2.1 rmarkdown_1.13 httr_1.4.0
## [52] rstudioapi_0.10 R6_2.4.0 compiler_3.5.2References
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———. 2016b. Knitr: A General-Purpose Package for Dynamic Report Generation in R. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=knitr.
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